MENGEMBANGKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SMP MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI MODEL GO_KAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa pada mata Pelajaran IPA. Keterampilan ini harus dikembangkan karena merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang dibutuhkan di Abad 21. Siswa dengan kemampuan berpikir kreati akan dapat memecahkan maslah secara kreatif sehingga dapat menghadapi tantangan di Abad 21. Penelitian ini adalah Pra-Eksperimental menggunakan desain satu kelompok pre-test post-test yang melibatkan 60 siswa kelas VIII dari 3 kelas di SMP Negeri 1 Blega Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura, Indonesia. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar penilaian keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa sebelum dan sesudah proses pembelajaran dengan Model GO_KAR. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan statistic Paired Sample T-test dan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa berkembang pada setiap indikator dengan rerata skor tertinggi adalah fluency 3,50 dan terendah adalah indikator elaboration 2,53. Secara klasikal rerata ketuntasan indikator tertinggi diperoleh indikator fluency yaitu 86% dengan n-gain 0,45 (sedang) dan terendah pada indikator elaboration dengan nilai 53% dengan n-gain 0,42 (sedang). (2) Prosentase siswa yang mempunyai Tingkat Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif rata-rata juga meningkat 85% dengan n-gain 0,84 (tinggi). Keterampilan berpikir terperinci (elaboration) masih memerlukan pelatihan meskipun mempunyai peningkatan sedang namun belum tuntas secara klasikal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah model GO_KAR terbukti efektif dalam mengebangkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa SMP pada mata pelajaran IPA.
References
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Cheng, V.M.Y. (2010). Teaching Creative Thinking In Regular Science Lessons: otentials And Obstacles Of Three Different approaches in an Asian context. Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, 11(1), Article 17, p.1
Costantino, T. (2011). Researching creative learning: A review essay. International Journal of Education & the Art. 12(7), 1-6
Cropley, A. J. (2001). Creativity in education and learning: A guide for teachers and educators. Kogan Page.
Cropley, A. J. (2006). In praise of convergent thinking. Creativity Research Journal, 18(3), 391-404.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014). The systems model of creativity: The collected works of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Springer.
Davies, D., Jindal-Snape, D., Collier, C., Digby, R., Hay, P., & Howe, A. (2013). Creative learning environments in education—A systematic literature review. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 8, 80-91.
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Duran, M., & Dökme, İ. (2016). The effect of the inquiry-based learning approach on student's critical-thinking skills. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 12(12), 2887-2908.
Gençi, M. (2015). The effect of scientific studies on students' scientific literacy and attitude. Ondokuz Mayis University Journal of Faculty of Education, 34(1), 141-152.
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Laius, A., & Rannikmae, M. (2014). Longitudinal Teacher Training Impact on Students’ Attributes of Scientific Literacy. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4(6): 63-72.
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Mustika, dkk. 2013. Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMP dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Teknologi Dasar (PTD). Jurnal Pengajaran MIPA. 18(1), 60- 88
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Osborne, J. (2010). Arguing to learn in science: The role of collaborative, critical discourse. Science, 328(5977), 463-466.
Plucker, J. A., Beghetto, R. A., & Dow, G. T. (2004). Why isn't creativity more important to educational psychologists? Potentials, pitfalls, and future directions in creativity research. Educational Psychologist, 39(2), 83-96.
Redhana, I. W. (2019). Mengembangkan keterampilan abad ke-21 dalam pembelajaran kimia. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia, 13(1), 2239-2253.
Runco, M. A. (2007). Creativity: Theories and themes: Research, development, and practice. California: Elsevier Academic Press
Runco, M. A., & Acar, S. (2012). Divergent thinking as an indicator of creative potential. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 66-75.
Safilu. (2010). Hakekat dan Stretegi Pembelajaran Biologi untuk Memberdayakan Keterampilan Berpikir Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 2(1): 1-11.
Saliceti, F. (2015). Educate for creativity: New educational strategies. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197: 1174-1178.
Saputra, H., Al Auwal, T. M. R., & Mustika, D. (2019). Pembelajaran sains berbasis inkuiri dan pengaruhnya terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. JIPI (Jurnal IPA dan Pembelajaran IPA), 3(1), 15-25.
Sawyer, R. K. (2012). Explaining creativity: The science of human innovation. Oxford University Press.
Schwab, K. (2016). The fourth industrial revolution. World Economic Forum.
Sener, N., Turk, C. & Tas, E. (2015). Improving science attitude and creative thinking through science education project: A design, implementation and assessment. Journal of Education and Training Studies 3 (4): 1-11
Starko, A. J. (2018). Creativity in the classroom: Schools of curious delight. Routledge.
Sternberg, R. J., & Lubart, T. I. (1999). The concept of creativity: Prospects and paradigms. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp. 3-15). Cambridge University Press.
Sternberg, R. J., & Williams, W. M. (1996). How to develop student creativity. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Sudarma, M. (2013). Mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif. Rajawali Pers.
Taylor, A. R., Jones, M. G., & Broadwell, B. (2020). Creativity in the elementary science classroom: A study of students' creative processes. Research in Science Education, 50(2), 413-438.
Torrance, E. P. (1993). Understanding creativity: Where to start? Psychological Inquiry, 4(3), 232-234.
Treffinger, D. J., Young, G. C., Selby, E. C., & Shepardson, C. (2002). Assessing creativity: A guide for educators. The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented.
Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st century skills: Learning for life in our times. John Wiley & Sons.
Widodo, A., & Kadarwati, S. (2013). Higher order thinking berbasis pemecahan masalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar berorientasi pembentukan karakter siswa. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 32(1), 161-171.
Wisudawati, A. W., & Sulistyowati, E. (2014). Metodologi pembelajaran IPA. Bumi Aksara.
Young, M. H. & Balli, S. J. (2014). Gifted and talented education: student and parent perspectives. Gifted Child Today, 37(4), 236-246.
Yusnaeni, Corebima, A.D., Susilo, H., & Zubaidah, S. (2017). Creative thinking of low academic student undergoing search solve create and share learning integrated with metacognitive strategy. International Journal of Instruction, 10(2), 245-262.
Beghetto, R. A. (2016). Creative learning: A fresh look. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 15(1), 6-23.
Beghetto, R. A., & Kaufman, J. C. (2014). Classroom contexts for creativity. High Ability Studies, 25(1), 53-69.
Beghetto, R. A., Kaufman, J. C., & Baer, J. (2015). Teaching for creativity in the common core classroom. Teachers College Press.
Beyer, B. K. (1987). Practical strategies for the teaching of thinking. Allyn and Bacon.
Bybee, R. W. (2013). The case for STEM education: Challenges and opportunities. NSTA press.
CCSS ELA Aligmed.2013. Creativity & Innovation Rubric. California: Buck Institute For Education.
Cheng, V.M.Y. (2010). Teaching Creative Thinking In Regular Science Lessons: otentials And Obstacles Of Three Different approaches in an Asian context. Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, 11(1), Article 17, p.1
Costantino, T. (2011). Researching creative learning: A review essay. International Journal of Education & the Art. 12(7), 1-6
Cropley, A. J. (2001). Creativity in education and learning: A guide for teachers and educators. Kogan Page.
Cropley, A. J. (2006). In praise of convergent thinking. Creativity Research Journal, 18(3), 391-404.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014). The systems model of creativity: The collected works of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Springer.
Davies, D., Jindal-Snape, D., Collier, C., Digby, R., Hay, P., & Howe, A. (2013). Creative learning environments in education—A systematic literature review. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 8, 80-91.
de Bono, E. (2015). Lateral thinking: Creativity step by step. Harper Colophon.
Driver, R., Asoko, H., Leach, J., Scott, P., & Mortimer, E. (1994). Constructing scientific knowledge in the classroom. Educational Researcher, 23(7), 5-12.
Duran, M., & Dökme, İ. (2016). The effect of the inquiry-based learning approach on student's critical-thinking skills. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 12(12), 2887-2908.
Gençi, M. (2015). The effect of scientific studies on students' scientific literacy and attitude. Ondokuz Mayis University Journal of Faculty of Education, 34(1), 141-152.
Guilford, J. P. (1967). The nature of human intelligence. McGraw-Hill.
Howard-Jones, P. A. (2002). A dual-state model of creative cognition for supporting strategies that foster creativity in the classroom. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 12(3), 215-226.
Jeanpierre, B. (2014). Inquiry in the urban science classroom: Connecting curiosity and creativity. Virginia: NSTA.
Joyce, B., Weil, M., & Calhoun, E. 2009. Models of teaching. Alyn and Bacon.
Kim, K.H. (2011). The Creativity crisis: The decrease in creative thinking scores on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Creativity Researc Journal, 23(4), 285-295
Kuo, H. C., Burnard, P., McLellan, R., Cheng, Y., & Wu, J. J. (2014). The development of indicators for creativity education and a questionnaire to evaluate its delivery and practice. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 13, 10-20.
Kutlu. (2015). The Effect Of Purdue Model Based Science Teaching On Creative Thinking. International Journal of Education and Research. 3(3): 589-600.
Laius, A., & Rannikmae, M. (2014). Longitudinal Teacher Training Impact on Students’ Attributes of Scientific Literacy. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4(6): 63-72.
Lederman, N. G., Antink, A., & Bartos, S. (2014). Nature of science, scientific inquiry, and socio-scientific issues arising from genetics: A pathway to developing a scientifically literate citizenry. Science & Education, 23(2), 285-302.
Mahdi, R., Sukarman, S.S., Chan, M.K.Y., 2015. Fostering creativity through innovationengagement in science and technology education: case study of Universiti Teknologi MARA students. Proc. Soc. Behav. Sci. 167, 256–260.
Moran, S., & John-Steiner, V. (2003). Creativity in the making: Vygotsky's contemporary contribution to the dialectic of development and creativity. In R. K. Sawyer et al. (Eds.), Creativity and development (pp. 61-90). Oxford University Press.
Muhsetyo, G. (2020). Pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar. Universitas Terbuka.
Mustika, dkk. 2013. Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMP dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Teknologi Dasar (PTD). Jurnal Pengajaran MIPA. 18(1), 60- 88
Nurdyansyah, N., & Fahyuni, E. F. (2016). Inovasi model pembelajaran sesuai kurikulum 2013. Nizamia Learning Center.
OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 Results: Leaning for the future. Paris: OECD Publishing
Oktaningtyas, A., & Wasis, W. (2018). Implementasi PhET simulation sebagai alat bantu dalam melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 28 Surabaya. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Fisika, 7(2), 220-226.
Oktaningtyas, Oky Du., dan Wasis. (2018). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan Tugas Pronyek Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Fisika. 7(02)
Osborne, J. (2010). Arguing to learn in science: The role of collaborative, critical discourse. Science, 328(5977), 463-466.
Plucker, J. A., Beghetto, R. A., & Dow, G. T. (2004). Why isn't creativity more important to educational psychologists? Potentials, pitfalls, and future directions in creativity research. Educational Psychologist, 39(2), 83-96.
Redhana, I. W. (2019). Mengembangkan keterampilan abad ke-21 dalam pembelajaran kimia. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia, 13(1), 2239-2253.
Runco, M. A. (2007). Creativity: Theories and themes: Research, development, and practice. California: Elsevier Academic Press
Runco, M. A., & Acar, S. (2012). Divergent thinking as an indicator of creative potential. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 66-75.
Safilu. (2010). Hakekat dan Stretegi Pembelajaran Biologi untuk Memberdayakan Keterampilan Berpikir Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 2(1): 1-11.
Saliceti, F. (2015). Educate for creativity: New educational strategies. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197: 1174-1178.
Saputra, H., Al Auwal, T. M. R., & Mustika, D. (2019). Pembelajaran sains berbasis inkuiri dan pengaruhnya terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. JIPI (Jurnal IPA dan Pembelajaran IPA), 3(1), 15-25.
Sawyer, R. K. (2012). Explaining creativity: The science of human innovation. Oxford University Press.
Schwab, K. (2016). The fourth industrial revolution. World Economic Forum.
Sener, N., Turk, C. & Tas, E. (2015). Improving science attitude and creative thinking through science education project: A design, implementation and assessment. Journal of Education and Training Studies 3 (4): 1-11
Starko, A. J. (2018). Creativity in the classroom: Schools of curious delight. Routledge.
Sternberg, R. J., & Lubart, T. I. (1999). The concept of creativity: Prospects and paradigms. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp. 3-15). Cambridge University Press.
Sternberg, R. J., & Williams, W. M. (1996). How to develop student creativity. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Sudarma, M. (2013). Mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif. Rajawali Pers.
Taylor, A. R., Jones, M. G., & Broadwell, B. (2020). Creativity in the elementary science classroom: A study of students' creative processes. Research in Science Education, 50(2), 413-438.
Torrance, E. P. (1993). Understanding creativity: Where to start? Psychological Inquiry, 4(3), 232-234.
Treffinger, D. J., Young, G. C., Selby, E. C., & Shepardson, C. (2002). Assessing creativity: A guide for educators. The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented.
Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st century skills: Learning for life in our times. John Wiley & Sons.
Widodo, A., & Kadarwati, S. (2013). Higher order thinking berbasis pemecahan masalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar berorientasi pembentukan karakter siswa. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 32(1), 161-171.
Wisudawati, A. W., & Sulistyowati, E. (2014). Metodologi pembelajaran IPA. Bumi Aksara.
Young, M. H. & Balli, S. J. (2014). Gifted and talented education: student and parent perspectives. Gifted Child Today, 37(4), 236-246.
Yusnaeni, Corebima, A.D., Susilo, H., & Zubaidah, S. (2017). Creative thinking of low academic student undergoing search solve create and share learning integrated with metacognitive strategy. International Journal of Instruction, 10(2), 245-262.
Published
2025-04-28
How to Cite
HANDAYANI, Sri Astutik.
MENGEMBANGKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SMP MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI MODEL GO_KAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA.
Consilium: Education and Counseling Journal, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 2, p. 770-783, apr. 2025.
ISSN 2775-9466.
Available at: <https://unars.ac.id/ojs/index.php/consilium/article/view/6330>. Date accessed: 06 dec. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.36841/consilium.v5i2.6330.
Section
Articles
