DIGITALISASI PENDIDIKAN: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI
Abstract
Studi ini membahas integrasi kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) dalam pendidikan tinggi untuk meningkatkan pengajaran dan pembelajaran serta inovasi dalam implementasi pembelajaran berbasis AI. Teknologi AI memiliki potensi besar dalam mengubah cara kerja pendidikan tinggi dengan kemampuannya dalam berpikir dan belajar seperti manusia, memahami perasaan manusia, pengambilan keputusan kompleks, dan lain-lain. Namun, penerapan AI dalam pendidikan tinggi masih dalam tahap awal, terutama di negara-negara berkembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber artikel akademik tentang dampak AI pada pendidikan tinggi. Dengan dukungan AI, pendidikan tinggi dapat meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran dengan menyediakan pengalaman belajar yang lebih kaya, meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, dan memantau kinerja mahasiswa secara real-time. Namun, meskipun kemajuan dalam penerapan AI telah terlihat, masih ada beberapa tantangan dan kekurangan, termasuk keterbatasan penelitian AI dalam bidang-bidang di luar STEM (Science, Technology, Enggeenering and Mathematic), kurangnya teori dan model AI dalam pendidikan, serta resistensi dalam mengadopsi AI dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Penting bagi institusi pendidikan tinggi untuk mengintegrasikan lebih banyak AI dalam proses pembelajaran dan memberikan pelatihan kepada staf akademik dan mahasiswa untuk mengoptimalkan sistem pendidikan di masa depan.
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Klutka, J., Ackerly, N., & Magda, A. J. (2018). Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Current Uses and Future Applications. Learning House.
Köse, U. (2018). An Augmented-Reality-Based Intelligent Mobile Application for Open Computer Education. In Virtual and Augmented Reality: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 324-344). IGI Global.
Köse, U., & Arslan, A. (2016). Intelligent e-Learning System for Improving Students’ Academic Achievements in Computer Programming Courses. The International Journal of Engineering Education, 32, 185-198.
Littman, M., Ajunwa, I., Berger, G., Boutilier, C., Currie, M., Doshi-Velez, F., Hadfield, G., Horowitz, M., Isbell, C., Kitano, H., Levy, K., Lyons, T., Mitchell, M., Shah, J., Sloman, S., Vallor, S., & Walsh, T. (2021). Gathering Strength, Gathering Storms: The One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) 2021 Study Panel Report. Stanford Univ.
Luckin, R., & Cukurova, M. (2019). Designing Educational Technologies in the Age of AI: A Learning Sciences-Driven Approach. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50.
Marr, B. (2019). How Is AI Used In Education -- Real World Examples Of Today And A Peek Into The Future.
Muhie YA., Woldie Ab. (2020). Integration of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. Science and Technology, Vol.10(1).
Murphy, R. F. (2019, January). Artificial intelligence Application to support K-12 Teachers and Teaching.
Nedelkoska, L., & Quintini, G. (2018). Automation, Skills Use and Training. OECD Social, Employment, and Migration Working Papers No. 20
Ozbay, F. A., & Alatas, B. (2020). Fake News Detection within Online Social Media Using Supervised Artificial Intelligence Algorithms. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 540, Article ID: 123174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2019.123174
Raaijmakers, S. (2019). Artificial Intelligence for Law Enforcement: Challenges and Opportunities. IEEE Security & Privacy, 17, 74-77.
Raimi, L. (2021). Human Capital Development through Reinventing, Retooling and Reskilling Strategies. In Conference towards ASEAN Chairmanship 2023 (TAC 23 2021) (pp. 22-29). Atlantis Press.
Roll, I., & Wylie, R. (2016). Evolution and Revolution in Artificial Intelligence in Education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26, 582-599.
Schiff, D. (2021). Out of the Laboratory and into the Classroom: The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Education. AI & Society, 36, 331-348.
Schroeder, R. (2019, June 19). Emerging Roles of AI in Education.
Senel, S., & Can, S. H. (2021). Remote Assessment in Higher Education during COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 8(2), 181–199.
Slimi Z. (2021). The impact of AI implementation in higher education on educational process future: A systematic review. Research Square. Preprint.
Smithies, J. (2017). Artificial Intelligence, Digital Humanities, and the Automation of Labour. In The Digital Humanities and the Digital Modern (pp. 79-111). Palgrave Macmillan.
Sudarshan, S. (2018, August 9). The Role Of Artificial Intelligence in Learning. Elearning Industry.
Taneri, G. U. (2020). Artificial Intelligence & Higher Education: Towards Customized Teaching and Learning, and Skills for an AI World of Work. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE. 6.2020. Center for Studies in Higher Education.
Tang, K. Y., Chang, C. Y., & Hwang, G. J. (2021). Trends in Artificial Intelligence-Supported e-Learning: A Systematic Review and Co-Citation Network Analysis (1998- 2019). Interactive Learning Environments, 1-19.
Utermohlen, K. (2018, April 12). 4 Ways AI is Changing the Education Industry. Retrieved September 25, 2019, from Towards Data Science:
Verma, M. (2018). Artificial intelligence and its scope in different areas with special reference to the field of education. International Journal of Advanced Educational Research, 5-10.
Wei, Y., Yang, Q., Chen, J., & Hu, J. (2018). The Exploration of a Machine Learning Approach for the Assessment of Learning Styles Changes. Mechatronic Systems and Control, 46.
Xu, D., & Wang, H. (2006). Intelligent Agent Supported Personalization for Virtual Learning Environments. Decision Support Systems, 42, 825-843.
Yu, Z. (2020). Visualizing Artificial Intelligence Used in Education over Two Decades. Journal of Information Technology Research (JITR), 13, 32-46.
Zhang, K., & Aslan, A. B. (2021). AI Technologies for Education: Recent Research & Future Directions. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, Article ID: 100025.
Aoun, J. E. (2017). Robot-Proof: Higher Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. MIT.
Arpaci, I. (2019). A Hybrid Modeling Approach for Predicting the Educational Use of Mobile Cloud Computing Services in Higher Education. Computers in Human Behavior, 90.
Baker, M. J. (2000). The Roles of Models in Artificial Intelligence and Education Research: A Prospective View. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Education, 11, 122-143.
Bogoviz, A. V., Lobova, S. V., Karp, M. V., Vologdin, E. V., & Alekseev, A. N. (2019). Diversification of educational services in the conditions of industry 4.0 on the basis of AI training. On the Horizon, 27(3–4), 206–212
Bozkurt, A., Karadeniz, A., Baneres, D., Guerrero-Roldán, A. E., & RodrÃguez, M. E. (2021). Artificial intelligence and reflections from educational landscape: A review of AI studies in half a century. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(2), 1–16
Bughin, J., Hazan, E., Ramaswamy, S., Chui, M., Allas, T., Dahlstrom, P., & Trench, M. (2017). Artificial Intelligence: The Next Digital Frontier? McKinsey Global Institute.
Cox, A. M. (2021). Exploring the impact of Artificial Intelligence and robots on higher education through literature-based design fiction. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18(1).
Desk, I. T. (2019, August 9). Artificial intelligence is changing the teaching-learning process in education!
Detweiler, R. A. (2021). The Evidence Liberal Arts Needs: Lives of Consequence, Inquiry, and Accomplishment. MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/13954.001.0001
Dias, S. B., Hadjileontiadou, S. J., Hadjileontiadis, L. J., & Diniz, J. A. (2015). Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping of LMS Users’ Quality of Interaction within Higher Education Blended Learning Environment. Expert Systems with Applications, 42, 7399-7423.
Ebben, M., & Drescher, K. (2022). Retooling the Self for the Post-Pandemic Economy: Identity, Work, and Well-Being. In Career Re-Invention in the Post-Pandemic Era (pp. 1-26). IGI Global.
Fryer, L. K., Ainley, M., Thompson, A., Gibson, A., & Sherlock, Z. (2017). Stimulating and Sustaining Interest in a Language Course: An Experimental Comparison of Chatbot and Human Task Partners. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 461-468.
Fulton, J. (2019, May 7). 7 examples of innovative educational technology. Classcraft.
Grace Ufuk, T. (2020). Artificial Intelligence & Higher Education: Towards Customized Teaching and Learning, and Skills for an AI World of Work. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.6.2020. Center for Studies in Higher Education
Griol, D., Molina, J. M., & Callejas, Z. (2014). An Approach to Develop Intelligent Learning Environments by Means of Immersive Virtual Worlds. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, 6, 237-255. https://doi.org/10.3233/AIS-140255
Hutson, J., Jeevanjee, T., Graaf, V. V., Lively, J., Weber, J., Weir, G., Arnone, K., Carnes, G., Vosevich, K., Plate, D., Leary, M., & Edele, S. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and the Disruption of Higher Education: Strategies for Integrations across Disciplines. Creative Education, 13, 3953-3980. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2022.1312253
Ijaz, K., Bogdanovych, A., & Trescak, T. (2017). Virtual Worlds vs Books and Videos in History Education. Interactive Learning Environments, 25, 904-929.
John Paul Mueller, L. M. (2018). Introducing AI. In L. M. John Paul Mueller, Artifcial Intelligence (pp. 7-14). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Kelly, S. (2021). ERIC - ED612439 - Understanding the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Skills Development. Education 2030, UNESCO-UNEVOC International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training, 2021.
Kennedy P.S.J., Situmorang R., Simanjuntak G., Duha L.M. (2022). Evaluasi Pembelajaran Di Era Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Independen Bersertifikat Program Sekolah Ekspor. Prosiding Undergraduate Students’ National Seminar English Education Study Program STKIP PGRI Pacitan.
Kerr, S. A. (2017). Exploring the impact of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning in higher education. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 12(22). doi:10.1186/s41039-017-0062-8.
Khare, K., & Stewart, B. (2018). Artificial Intelligence and the Student Experience: An Institutional Perspective. IAFOR Journal of Education, 6(3), 63–78
Klutka, J., Ackerly, N., & Magda, A. J. (2018). Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Current Uses and Future Applications. Learning House.
Köse, U. (2018). An Augmented-Reality-Based Intelligent Mobile Application for Open Computer Education. In Virtual and Augmented Reality: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 324-344). IGI Global.
Köse, U., & Arslan, A. (2016). Intelligent e-Learning System for Improving Students’ Academic Achievements in Computer Programming Courses. The International Journal of Engineering Education, 32, 185-198.
Littman, M., Ajunwa, I., Berger, G., Boutilier, C., Currie, M., Doshi-Velez, F., Hadfield, G., Horowitz, M., Isbell, C., Kitano, H., Levy, K., Lyons, T., Mitchell, M., Shah, J., Sloman, S., Vallor, S., & Walsh, T. (2021). Gathering Strength, Gathering Storms: The One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) 2021 Study Panel Report. Stanford Univ.
Luckin, R., & Cukurova, M. (2019). Designing Educational Technologies in the Age of AI: A Learning Sciences-Driven Approach. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50.
Marr, B. (2019). How Is AI Used In Education -- Real World Examples Of Today And A Peek Into The Future.
Muhie YA., Woldie Ab. (2020). Integration of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. Science and Technology, Vol.10(1).
Murphy, R. F. (2019, January). Artificial intelligence Application to support K-12 Teachers and Teaching.
Nedelkoska, L., & Quintini, G. (2018). Automation, Skills Use and Training. OECD Social, Employment, and Migration Working Papers No. 20
Ozbay, F. A., & Alatas, B. (2020). Fake News Detection within Online Social Media Using Supervised Artificial Intelligence Algorithms. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 540, Article ID: 123174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2019.123174
Raaijmakers, S. (2019). Artificial Intelligence for Law Enforcement: Challenges and Opportunities. IEEE Security & Privacy, 17, 74-77.
Raimi, L. (2021). Human Capital Development through Reinventing, Retooling and Reskilling Strategies. In Conference towards ASEAN Chairmanship 2023 (TAC 23 2021) (pp. 22-29). Atlantis Press.
Roll, I., & Wylie, R. (2016). Evolution and Revolution in Artificial Intelligence in Education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26, 582-599.
Schiff, D. (2021). Out of the Laboratory and into the Classroom: The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Education. AI & Society, 36, 331-348.
Schroeder, R. (2019, June 19). Emerging Roles of AI in Education.
Senel, S., & Can, S. H. (2021). Remote Assessment in Higher Education during COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 8(2), 181–199.
Slimi Z. (2021). The impact of AI implementation in higher education on educational process future: A systematic review. Research Square. Preprint.
Smithies, J. (2017). Artificial Intelligence, Digital Humanities, and the Automation of Labour. In The Digital Humanities and the Digital Modern (pp. 79-111). Palgrave Macmillan.
Sudarshan, S. (2018, August 9). The Role Of Artificial Intelligence in Learning. Elearning Industry.
Taneri, G. U. (2020). Artificial Intelligence & Higher Education: Towards Customized Teaching and Learning, and Skills for an AI World of Work. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE. 6.2020. Center for Studies in Higher Education.
Tang, K. Y., Chang, C. Y., & Hwang, G. J. (2021). Trends in Artificial Intelligence-Supported e-Learning: A Systematic Review and Co-Citation Network Analysis (1998- 2019). Interactive Learning Environments, 1-19.
Utermohlen, K. (2018, April 12). 4 Ways AI is Changing the Education Industry. Retrieved September 25, 2019, from Towards Data Science:
Verma, M. (2018). Artificial intelligence and its scope in different areas with special reference to the field of education. International Journal of Advanced Educational Research, 5-10.
Wei, Y., Yang, Q., Chen, J., & Hu, J. (2018). The Exploration of a Machine Learning Approach for the Assessment of Learning Styles Changes. Mechatronic Systems and Control, 46.
Xu, D., & Wang, H. (2006). Intelligent Agent Supported Personalization for Virtual Learning Environments. Decision Support Systems, 42, 825-843.
Yu, Z. (2020). Visualizing Artificial Intelligence Used in Education over Two Decades. Journal of Information Technology Research (JITR), 13, 32-46.
Zhang, K., & Aslan, A. B. (2021). AI Technologies for Education: Recent Research & Future Directions. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, Article ID: 100025.
Published
2023-08-18
How to Cite
KENNEDY, Posma Sariguna Johnson.
DIGITALISASI PENDIDIKAN: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI.
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL UNARS, [S.l.], v. 2, n. 1, p. 205-215, aug. 2023.
Available at: <https://unars.ac.id/ojs/index.php/prosidingSDGs/article/view/3343>. Date accessed: 13 mar. 2025.
Section
Articles
