Dari Viral ke Klarifikasi: Dinamika Opini Publik dan Kontroversi Kasus Purbaya di Ruang Media Sosial
Abstract
Studi ini menganalisis dinamika opini publik terkait kontroversi Menkeu Purbaya di media sosial, dengan menelusuri lintasan viralitas hingga fase klarifikasi. Media sosial berfungsi sebagai arena strategis perebutan legitimasi, di mana akselerasi penyebaran informasi memicu polarisasi yang dapat mengonsolidasi atau menggerus citra aktor politik. Studi ini mengidentifikasi determinan viralitas, dampaknya terhadap ekosistem politik digital, serta risiko fragmentasi opini publik. Temuan menegaskan: meskipun viralitas menggerakkan partisipasi massa, respons klarifikasi yang cepat dan berbasis data merupakan prasyarat krusial untuk memitigasi stigma negatif dan melindungi kredibilitas politik. Dalam lanskap demokrasi digital yang ditandai karakter post-truth dan disruptif, manajemen reputasi yang berkelanjutan mensyaratkan harmonisasi antara kecepatan respons strategis dan validitas faktual guna mencegah erosi legitimasi institusional.
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References
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Anderson, Craig A. et al (1980) Perseverance of Social Theories: The Role of Explanation in the Persistence of Discredited Information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6): 1037-1049. doi: 10.1037/h0077720.
Backhaus, Leonie et al. (2022) Giving Sense About Paradoxes: Paradoxical Leadership in the Public Sector. Public Management Review, 24(9): 1478-1498. doi: 10.1080/14719037.2021.1906935.
Barbera, Pablo (2015) Birds of the Same Feather Tweet Together: Bayesian Ideal Point Estimation Using Twitter Data. Political Analysis, 23(1): 76-91. doi: 10.1093/pan/mpu011.
Barbera, Pablo (2020) “Social Media, Echo Chambers, and Political Polarization”. In Nathaniel Persily & Joshua A. Tucker (eds.), Social Media and Democracy: The State of the Field, Prospects for Reform. New York: Cambridge University Press. (pp. 34–55).
Barzilai-Nahon, Karine (2009) Gatekeeping: A Critical Review. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 43(1): 10.1–10.79. doi: 10.1002/aris.2009.1440430117.
Boumans, Jelle W., & Trilling, Damian (2016) Taking Stock of the Toolkit: An Overview of Relevant Automated Content Analysis Approaches and Techniques for Digital Journalism Scholars. Digital Journalism, 4(1): 1–16. doi: 10.1080/21670811.2015.1096598.
Bourdieu, Pierre (2007) Language and Symbolic Power. Malden: Polity Press.
Brader, Ted (2006) Campaigning for Hearts and Minds: How Emotional Appeals in Political Ads Work. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
Butler, Judith (2005) Giving an Account of Oneself. New York: Fordham University Press.
Castells, Manuel (2009) Communication Power. New York: Oxford University Press Inc.
Chong, Dennis & Druckman, James N. (2007). A Theory of Framing and Opinion Formation in Competitive Elite Environments. Journal of Communication, 57(1): 99–118. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00331.x.
Couldry, Nick & Hepp, Andreas (2017) The Mediated Construction of Reality. Cambridge: Polity Press.
de Zuniga, Hamero Gil et al (20212) Social Media Use for News and Individuals' Social Capital, Civic Engagement and Political Participation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 17(3), 319-336: doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2012.01574.x.
Entman, Robert M. (1993) Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4): 51–58. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x.
Fahmi, Ismail (2025, October 13) “Sentimen Publik Terhadap Purbaya dan Kebijakannya”. Available at: https://pers.droneemprit.id/sentimen-publik-terhadap-menkeu-purbaya-dan-kebijakannya/
Gamson, William A., & Modigliani, Andre (1989) Media Discourse and Public Opinion on Nuclear Power: A Constructionist Approach. American Journal of Sociology, 95(1): 1-37. doi: 10.1086/229213.
Gil de Zúñiga, Homero et al (2012). Social Media Use for News and Individuals’ Social Capital, Civic Engagement, and Political Participation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 17(3): 319–336. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2012.01574.x.
Gillespie, Tarleton (2014) “The Relevance of Algorithms”. In Gillespie, T., Boczkowski, J. Pablo & Foot, Kristen A. (eds.), Media Technologies: Essays on Communication, Materiality, and Society. Cambridge: MIT Press Scholarship. (pp. 167–194).
Habermas, Jurgen (1989) The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society (Trans. by T. Burger and F. Lawrence). Cambridge: Polity Press.
Haggard, Stephan, & Kaufman, Robert R. (2021) Development, Democracy, and Welfare States: Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe. New Jersey, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Hardin, Russel (2002) Trust and Trustworthiness. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
Inews.id (2025, October 27) “Kritik Gaya Komunikasi Menkeu Purbaya, Hasan Nasbi: Enggak Bisa Baku Tikam Terus di Depan Umum”. Available at: https://regional.inews.id/berita/kritik-gaya-komunikasi-menkeu-purbaya-hasan-nasbi-enggak-bisa-baku-tikam-terus-di-depan-umum.
Iyengar, Shanto (1991) Is Anyone Responsible? How Television Frames Political Issues. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
Kavada, Anastasia (2011) Manuel Castells: Communication Power (Book Review). Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, 8(1): 197-202. doi: 10.16997/wpcc.181.
Kietzmann, Jean H. et al. (2011) Social Media? Get Serious! Understanding the Functional Building Blocks of Social Media. Business Horizons, 54(3): 241-251. doi: 10.1016/j.bushor.2011.01.005.
Kompas.com (2025, October 21) “Survei IPO: Purbaya Jadi Menteri Prabowo dengan Kinerja Terbaik”. Available at: https://nasional.kompas.com/read/ 2025/10/21/15452071/survei-ipo-purbaya-jadi-menteri-prabowo-dengan-kinerja-terbaik.
Kunda, Ziva (1990) The Case for Motivated Reasoning. Psychological Bulletin, 108(3), 480–498. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.480.
Lewandowsky, Stephan et al (2017). Beyond Misinformation: Understanding and Coping With the “Post-Truth” Era. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6(4): 353–369. doi: 10.1016/j.jarmac.2017.07.008.
Lewis, Becca, & Marwick, Alice (2017, May 15) Media Manipulation and Disinformation Online (Data & Society Research Institute). Available at: https://datasociety.net/library/media-manipulation-and-disinformation-online/
Marwick, Alice & Boyd, Danah (2011) To See and Be Seen: Celebrity Practice on Twitter. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 17(2): 139-158. doi: 10.1177/1354856510394539.
Neuman, W. Lawrence (2014) Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (Seventh Edition). England: Pearson.
Ningtyas, Eka (2015) Pierre Bourdieu, Language and Symbolic Power. Poetika: Jurnal Ilmu Sastra, 3(2): 154-157. doi: 10.22146/poetika.v3i2.10437.
Papacharissi, Zizi (2015) Affective Publics and Structures of Storytelling: Sentiment, Events, and Mediation. Information, Communication & Society, 19(3): 307-324. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2015.1109697.
Pennycook, Gordon et al. (2021) Shifting Attention to Accuracy Can Reduce Misinformation Online. Nature, Vol. 592: 590–595. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03344-2.
Pennycook, Gordon, & Rand, David G. (2021) The Psychology of Fake News. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 25(5), 388-402. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2021.02.007.
Tempo.co (2025, October 29) “Survei IndexPolitica: Purbaya Jadi Figur Politik Paling Diingat Setelah Prabowo dan Jokowi”. Available at: https://www.tempo.co/politik/survei-indexpolitica-purbaya-jadi-figur-politik-paling-diingat-setelah-prabowo-dan-jokowi-2084589.
Tufekci, Zeynap (2017) Twitter and Tear Gas: The power and Fragility of Networked Protest. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Vosoughi, Soroushi, Roy, Deb, & Aral, Sinan (2018) The Spread of True and False News Online. Science, 359(6380): 1146–1151. doi: 10.1126/science.aap9559.
Wang, Jian et al. (2025) Mapping the Terrain of Social Media Misinformation: A Scientometric Exploration of Global Research. Acta Psychologica, 252:104691. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104691.
Published
2026-07-30
How to Cite
AZIZAH, Nur et al.
Dari Viral ke Klarifikasi: Dinamika Opini Publik dan Kontroversi Kasus Purbaya di Ruang Media Sosial.
CERMIN: Jurnal Penelitian, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 1, p. 214-229, july 2026.
ISSN 2615-3238.
Available at: <https://unars.ac.id/ojs/index.php/cermin_unars/article/view/7736>. Date accessed: 29 aug. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.36841/cermin_unars.v10i1.7736.
Section
Articles
