PENGUKURAN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN PERKEBUNAN DI JAWA TIMUR DENGAN PENDEKATAN INDEKS KOMPOSIT DAN ANALISIS FAKTOR
Abstract
Perkebunan merupakan sektor strategis dalam pembangunan ekonomi pedesaan di Provinsi Jawa Timur, namun capaian pembangunannya belum merata antarwilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat pembangunan perkebunan secara komprehensif melalui pembentukan Indeks Pembangunan Perkebunan (IPP). Penelitian menggunakan delapan indikator yang mewakili dua dimensi utama: usaha perkebunan dan penyuluhan. Data diperoleh dari Sensus Pertanian 2023 Tahap II serta Dinas Perkebunan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis faktor dengan pendekatan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) dan rotasi varimax untuk mereduksi indikator dan membentuk struktur faktor. Dua faktor utama terbentuk dan menjelaskan 82,979% variasi data, masing-masing diberi bobot berdasarkan proporsi varians: faktor usaha (0,571) dan faktor penyuluhan (0,429). Hasil IPP menunjukkan ketimpangan pembangunan antar kabupaten, dengan Malang dan Sumenep pada kategori sangat tinggi, sementara Bangkalan dan Sidoarjo pada kategori sangat rendah. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa selain aspek produksi, keberhasilan pembangunan perkebunan juga sangat ditentukan oleh dukungan kelembagaan dan penyuluhan. IPP yang dikembangkan dapat dijadikan alat bantu dalam perumusan kebijakan pembangunan perkebunan berbasis data dan kontekstual wilayah.
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Aivazian, S., Afanasiev, M., & Kudrov, A. (2018). Indicators of Regional Development Using Differentiation Characteristics. Montenegrin Journal of Economics. https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2018.14-3.1.
Alfranca, Ó., González-Pachón, J., Romero, C., & Diaz-Balteiro, L. (2016). Ranking of industrial forest plantations in terms of sustainability: A multicriteria approach.. Journal of environmental management, 180, 123-32 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.022.
Ali, M., Djazuli, A., Tanjung, G., & Pratiwi, Y. (2021). Programme And Model For Institutional Development of Tobacco Area Based On Farmer Corporation In East Java. Agricultural Science. https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v5i1.64.
Arida, A., Ramadhani, F., & Kasimin, S. (2021). Analisis Kontribusi Subsektor Perkebunan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian. https://doi.org/10.17969/JIMFP.V6I2.16719.
Aulia, S., & Intan, P. (2023). Klasterisasi Produksi Tanaman Perkebunan di Provinsi Jawa Timur Menggunakan Algoritma Fuzzy C-Means. Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Statistika. https://doi.org/10.24014/jsms.v9i2.22735.
Awwad, B., & George, J. (2023). From Field to Flavor: A Comparison of Work-Life in Kerala's Tea, Coffee, And Cardamom Plantations. EuroMid Journal of Business and Tech-Innovation (EJBTI). https://doi.org/10.51325/ejbti.v2i2.175.
Costa, L., Silva, F., Gewers, F., Comin, C., Ferreira, G., Arruda, H., & Amancio, D. (2018). Principal Component Analysis. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 54, 1 - 34. https://doi.org/10.1145/3447755.
Danso-Abbeam, G., Ehiakpor, D., & Aidoo, R. (2018). Agricultural extension and its effects on farm productivity and income: insight from Northern Ghana. Agriculture & Food Security, 7, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-018-0225-x.
Djumarno, D., Supriatna, J., Saluy, A., & Kurniawan, D. (2024). Sustainability Analysis of Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations in Several Provinces in Indonesia. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114383.
Doctorina, W., & Prasetya, K. (2023). Economic Analysis of Corn Plantation Factors Using Geographic Information System Through Location Quotient and Shift Share Method in East Java Province. International Journal of Computing Science and Applied Mathematics. https://doi.org/10.12962/j24775401.v9i1.15736.
Fiana, Y., & Hidayanto, M. (2024). Sustainability evaluation of a smallholder cocoa plantation on the Sebatik Island, Indonesia, using a multidimensional scaling approach. Journal of Water and Land Development. https://doi.org/10.24425/jwld.2024.149118.
Gomes, J., Júnior, J., & Dias, C. (2023). Performance of Principal Components Estimation Method on the Quality of Factor Analysis without and with Varimax Rotation. Brazilian Journal of Biometrics. https://doi.org/10.28951/bjb.v41i4.632.
Greco, S., Torrisi, G., Tasiou, M., & Ishizaka, A. (2018). On the Methodological Framework of Composite Indices: A Review of the Issues of Weighting, Aggregation, and Robustness. Social Indicators Research, 141, 61 - 94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-017-1832-9.
Hapsari, T., Kosim, M., & Aji, J. (2021). The impact of agricultural extension on productivity of smallholder sugarcane farmers in East Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 892. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/892/1/012009.
Ijomah, T., Eyieyien, O., & Raji, E. (2024). Improving agricultural practices and productivity through extension services and innovative training programs. International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v6i7.1267.
Indrawan, R., Purnama, R., Alfarizi, Z., Jember, D., & Perkebunan, T. (2025). Peran Dinas Pertanian dalam Pengelolaan dan Pengembangan Perkebunan di Kabupaten Jember. AKSILAR: Akselerasi Luaran Pengabdian Masyarakat. https://doi.org/10.19184/aksilar.v2i2.5498.
Irianti, M., Syahza, A., Bakce, D., Asmit, B., & Nasrul, B. (2021). Development of Superior Plantation Commodities Based on Sustainable Development. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160408.
Islam, M., Nadaraja, D., & Lu, C. (2021). The Sustainability Assessment of Plantation Agriculture - A Systematic Review of Sustainability Indicators. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 892-910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.12.042.
Khatun, T. (2009). Measuring environmental degradation by using principal component analysis. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 11, 439-457. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10668-007-9123-2.
Kusuma, M., Wijayati, P., & Widayanti, S. (2024). Potential Analysis of Agricultural Subsectors in Probolinggo Regency, East Java. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Literature. https://doi.org/10.53067/ijomral.v3i2.209.
Li, Y., & Xiong, M. (2024). A Strategic Study on Improving Targeting Accuracy of Marketing Campaigns Using Factor Analysis. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9. https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2024-1735.
Mustika, C., Fitriandi, P., & Hardiani, H. (2019). Analisis sub sektor perkebunan Provinsi Jambi. e-Jurnal Perspektif Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Daerah. https://doi.org/10.22437/pdpd.v8i1.5006.
Naik, K., & Jatav, S. (2023). Measuring the agricultural sustainability of India: An application of pressure-state-response model. Regional Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsus.2023.05.006.
Singh, V., Nagasampige, M., Dube, M., & Trivedi, R. (2024). TOPSIS-based factor analytic model for the assessment of agricultural development in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. OPSEARCH. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12597-024-00778-w.
Sutradhar, A., & Daspattanayak, P. (2023). A regional model for the variability of Agricultural development: evidence from a drought-prone region of Rarh Bengal, Eastern India. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 9, 3663-3691. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-023-01721-6.
Tian, Z., Tian, G., Chen, K., Liang, W., & Ren, Y. (2022). Evaluation of the Coupled and Coordinated Relationship between Agricultural Modernization and Regional Economic Development under the Rural Revitalization Strategy. Agronomy. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12050990.
Vaze, V., Allee, A., & Lynd, L. (2021). Cross-national analysis of food security drivers: comparing results based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and Global Food Security Index. Food Security, 13, 1245 - 1261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-021-01156-w.
Published
2025-10-24
How to Cite
LINGGA PUTRA, Corry Wastu; HIDAYAT, Syarif Imam; WINARNO, Sri Tjondro.
PENGUKURAN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN PERKEBUNAN DI JAWA TIMUR DENGAN PENDEKATAN INDEKS KOMPOSIT DAN ANALISIS FAKTOR.
AGRIBIOS, [S.l.], v. 23, n. 02, p. 331-344, oct. 2025.
ISSN 2723-7044.
Available at: <https://unars.ac.id/ojs/index.php/agribios/article/view/6690>. Date accessed: 06 dec. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.36841/agribios.v23i02.6690.
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
