CONFLICT ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS IN SHORT STORIES BY EDGAR ALLAN POE

This qualitative research aims to (1) describe the types of conflicts of the main characters in short stories by Edgar Allan Poe, (2) describe the effects of conflicts of the main characters in short stories by Edgar Allan Poe. The researcher used theory by Nurgiyantoro (2002). There are two types of conflicts, internal conflict and external conflict. He divides the external conflict into social conflict and physical conflict. The data source were short stories by Edgar Allan Poe they were: (1) The Tell-Tale Heart (2017), (2) The Black Cat (2017), and (3) The Hop Frog (1849). The data in this study were in the form of main character’s dialogues or utterances, and behavior in the three short stories. Techniques of data analysis done were data reduction, data display, and data conclusion drawing and verification by Miles and Huberman’s theory (1984). The researcher found sixteen data from three short stories by Edgar Allan Poe, there were four data from The Tell-Tale Heart, ten data from The Black Cat, and two data from The Hop Frog, and the details are : Six data of internal conflicts, five data of social conflicts, and five data of physical conflicts. Then, the details of the results on the affects experienced by the main characters are : One datum of positive affect (enjoyment or joy, interest or excitement, and surprise or startle), and fifteen data of negative affect (anger or range, disgust, dissmell, distress or anguish, fear or terror, and shame or humiliation). The researcher expects the next researchers to study concept of conflict analysis or main character in different subjects.


Short stories by Edgar
Short story belongs to prose fiction, shorter in form than a novel.
It is single directed either in theme, plot, and characters to show unity (Nurgiyantoro, 2002:9). Kenney (1966: 12) states that a story is minimum events that occur in temporal sequence that is one after another. The analysis in this study focused not only on that minimum of events but also to its conflicts. It is conected to the conflict contained in the stories. Kenney futher says (1966:19): "the conflicts with which fiction concern itself are of many

Affect
Affect is the experienced feeling or emotion, either positive or negative.
According to Tomkins (1911Tomkins ( -1991, there are nine affects, for each affect accompanied by its biological expression.    The effect is character 'I' felt anxious, and afraid, so that by very gradually he decided to take the life of the old man. So that, character 'I' could be free from the old man's eye gaze forever.

Datum 2
Character 'I' killed the old man at night. He dragged the old man to the floor, and pulled the heavy bed to the old man, and finally the old man died. In the following quotation, character 'I' and the old man experienced social conflict.

With a loud yell, I threw open the lantern and leaped into the room.
He shrieked once --once only. In an instant I dragged him to the floor, and pulled the heavy bed over him. I then smiled gaily, to find the deed so far done. But, for many minutes, the heart beat on with a muffled sound. This, however, did not vex me; it would not be heard through the wall. At length it ceased. The old man was dead. The affect is character 'I' smiled gaily, because he felt his job was done, and character 'I' felt that, he has been free forever from the old man's eye who had always terrorized him.

Datum 3
One night after doing a crime.
Character 'I', his house was on fire.
The conflict that occurs in this quote is the conflict between character 'I' with natural environment, character 'I' versus fire.
On the night of the day on which this cruel deed was done, I was aroused from sleep by the cry of fire. The curtains of my bed were in flames. The whole house was blazing. It was with great difficulty that my wife, a servant, and myself, made our escape from the conflagration. The destruction was complete. My entire worldly wealth was swallowed up, and I resigned myself thenceforward to despair, I am above the weakness.

Analysis
After character 'I' did a crime, character 'I' his house was burned by fire. The damage caused by fire was very bad, all his wealth was burned down. The effect was character 'I' was in despair, and he became very week over the incident.

Discussion
According to Reed (2004)

Conclusion
The researcher found sixteen data from three short stories by Edgar Allan Poe, there were four data from The Tell-Tale Heart, ten data from